POSITIVE IMPACT

• France became Representative of Humanity:-It gave the world three important messages of Humanity i.e. Liberty, Fraternity and Equality. Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizens, granted political liberty like freedom of speech, press, worship and ownership of property. 
• Existence of French Nation: French nation came into existence because of French Revolution. The thirty million French were granted equality of status as the citizen of nations and equality before law.
• End of Kingship right of Bourbon Dynasty: The rulers of this dynasty believed in the theory of divine right of kingship and ruled as per their own wishes and whims. The French revolution destroyed their very existence.
• Different Political parties came into existence: France became a multi-party state as a result of the 1789 French Revolution. Rise of political clubs such as the Jacobins, Cordeliers, and Girondins etc. competed for the power.
• End of Feudal Society: The French Revolution ended the differences between the privileged and non-privileged class. It was the end of the Despotic System.
• Influence of Priests of Church on Society decreases: – The Priests took oath of New Constitution to maintain their loyalty to the French Nation. The State became the owner of the Church.
• Changes in Administration: The whole country was divided into 83 departments for the administrative work. The Principle of election was adopted at the places required in administration.
• Replacement of Royal Guard: Royal Guard of Bourbon Monarchy were replaced by National Guard which formed to protect the achievements of French Revolution. By the end of 1793, there were about 700,000 National Guards which were well trained and disciplined.
• Declaration of rights of man: The French revolution led to the declaration of rights of man and citizens. The constitutional assembly/parliament came out with the document of human rights. It granted political liberty, like freedom of speech, press, association, worship, and ownership of property.
• Changes in Judicial System: A Common Judicial System for the whole of France was formed by the National Convention. The Judicial system was made independent of the executive and legislator.
• Farmers’ condition improved: Farmers liberated from the burden of unnecessary taxes with the decline of the Feudal system.
• Cultural Developments: Numerous developments in the field of art, science, mathematics, technology and literature after the French Revolution. Numerous schools, colleges, universities and academics were opened in the Country.
• Written Constitution Formed: First written Constitution was formed in France after French Revolution. It was also the first written Constitution of the European Continent. It gave Right of Franchise to the citizens of France.
• Establishment of Napoleonic Code: – As France Struggled under ineffective leadership that changed very little in the course of daily life of the people but Napoleon was able to seize power with the help of the military. The Code made the legal system fairer to all in France regardless of Religion or wealth.
• Growth of Democratic Ideas: The French Revolution encouraged the Rule of Law, politics of census and democratic Rule.

NEGATIVE IMPACT

• Destruction of property and loss of lives:

• • • There was a large scale of destruction of property and loss of lives occurred most especially during the reign of terror.
    • There were heavy massacres of nobles, clergy, and other important people like King Louis, Marie Antoinette, Murato, Danton, and Robespierre.

• Reign of Terror:

• • • The renewed war for hegemony and empire launched in April 1792 radicalized the Revolution and led to greater violence not only abroad but within France, creating a civil war internally and both the risk and reality of foreign invasion.
    • The peaceful revolution that began on the 5th of May 1789 changed into violence and caused a reign of terror in France by 1792-1794.
    • An unprecedented mobilization of ordinary people in the political process. The sans culotte movement in Paris.

• Economic Crisis in France :

• • • It hindered progress in agriculture, trade, industrial sector, transport, and communication especially during the reign of terror.
    • This led to unemployment, inflation, poverty, starvation, and famine.

• Conflict between church and the state:

• • • The Revolution led to serious conflict between the Catholic church and the State.
    • Before the revolution, the Catholic Church and the state were inseparable.
    • However, the declaration of the civil constitution, nationalization of the church property, and removing privileges of the church led to poor relations between the church and the state.

• Relation of France with other states:

• • Revolutionary ideas of the French revolution were great threats to other powers and monarchs in Europe.
  • That is why Britain, Russia, Prussia, Austria, and other countries allied against France in order to prevent the spread of revolutionary ideas to their countries.
• From reliance to domination by the army: The continuation of war after 1795 made way for the coup d’état of Napoleon in 1799 and the conquest of the Republic by the army.
• Also it failed to establish a permanent Republic in France.
• Even though the old ruling dynasty of France had been restored to power in 1815, and the autocratic governments of Europe found themselves safe for the time being, the rulers found it increasingly difficult to rule the people.