- The traditional approach attributes the decline to Asoka’s policies and his weak successors
- Another approach holds the inadequate political and economic institutions to sustain such a vast empire
- It was said that Asoka’s pro-Buddhist policies antagonized the Brahmins who brought about a revolution led by Pusyamitra Sunga. But Asoka never acted against Brahmins
- Another charge against him was his policy of non-violence reduced the fighting spirit of his army
- Blaming Asoka for this decline may not be correct because he was more a pragmatist than an idealist
- Multiple causes- weak successors, partition of empire, administrative abuses after Asoka’s reign
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