- Kautilya mentions the existence of both civil and criminal courts
- Dharmadhikari: the chief justice of the Supreme Court at the capital
- There were also subordinate courts at the provincial capitals and districts under Amatyas
- Different kinds of punishments- imprisonment, mutilation and death
- Torture was employed to extract truth
- Both Kautilya and Asokan Edicts mention about jails and jail officials
- Remission of sentences is also mentioned in Asoka’s inscriptions
-
AMERICAN REVOLUTION
iTopper, , UPSC STUDY MATERIAL, 0
INTRODUCTION The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) resulted from a conflict between residents of Great Britain’s 13 North American colonies...
-
SIGNIFICANCE OF AMERICAN REVOLUTION
iTopper, , UPSC STUDY MATERIAL, 0
The American Revolution had a tremendous effect on Europe. It not only served as an inspiration for France, but...
-
UNION AND ITS TERRITORY
iTopper, , UPSC STUDY MATERIAL, 0
UNION OF STATES Article 1 describes India, that is, Bharat as a ‘Union of States’ rather than a ‘Federation...
-
UNIFICATION OF GERMANY
iTopper, , UPSC STUDY MATERIAL, 0
BASIC BACKGROUND Since the 9th century, German states were bound together in a loose political Unity known as Holy...
-
States Reorganization Act (1956)- New States and Union Territories Created After 1956
iTopper, , UPSC STUDY MATERIAL, 0
Kerala= Travancore + Cochin + South Canara Andhra Pradesh= Andhra + Hyderabad Madhya Pradesh= Madhya Bharat + Vindhya +...
-
Types Of Colonialism
iTopper, , UPSC STUDY MATERIAL, 0
Settler Colonialism It involves large scale immigration, often motivated by religious, political, or economic reasons. Such as Australia, were...
-
Neolithic age (6000 BCE- 4000 BCE)
iTopper, , UPSC STUDY MATERIAL, 0
Important sites : Kashmir valley Chirand in Bihar Belan valley, UP Several places in the Deccan South India-...
-
Metal Age or Chalcolithic (copper-stone) period
iTopper, , UPSC STUDY MATERIAL, 0
When copper and bronze came to be used. The new technology developed of smelting metal ore and crafting metal...