• There was a revolution against the Spanish Bourbons in Spain itself which triggered the revolutions that occur in Italy.
  • There was a revolution in the Kingdom of the two Sicily’s but only in the province of Naples.
  • This revolution was led by a Carbonaro, Pepe. Naples was conquered by the revolution.
  • The King of Naples and Sicily was Ferdinand I and after the revolution he agreed to a constitution which looks very good to the revolutionaries.
  • As the things settled down, Ferdinand invited Austria to send troops which were easily able to defeat Carbonaro and put down the revolution and the revolutionaries were persecuted and abolished the constitution.
  • Another revolution occurred in 1821 in the Kingdom of Piedmont by Santarosa which aimed to remove the Austrian influence and unite Italy under the house of Savoy.
  • Regent of Piedmont, Charles Albert approved a constitution. But then the King Charles Felix, himself returned. Then again the constitution was dissolved.
  • Austria sent troops which easily put down the revolution and Santarosa fled to Paris.
  • The revolutions of 1820 and 1821 did not achieve anything significant
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